What Does a Truck Driver Do?
Before diving into the career, it’s important to understand what the truck driver does. Truck drivers are the backbone of the logistics industry, responsible for transporting goods across cities, states, and even countries. Whether it’s delivering food, fuel, or construction materials, truck drivers play a vital role in keeping supply chains moving. Their daily tasks go far beyond simply driving; they must plan the best route, inspect their vehicle before and after trips, secure freight, monitor road conditions, and comply with strict safety regulations. A career as a truck driver demands discipline, responsibility, and excellent time management, especially when handling long distances or hazardous cargo. Truck drivers are also required to maintain a clean driving record, ensure their vehicle meets DOT standards, and handle delivery paperwork accurately.
Types of Truck Drivers
The world of truck driving isn’t one-size-fits-all. There are many types of truck drivers, each with different responsibilities and route lengths. Long-haul or over-the-road drivers cover thousands of miles across states, often spending days or weeks on the road. Local delivery drivers, on the other hand, have shorter schedules and return home daily. Some specialize in transporting hazardous materials, which requires an endorsement, while others haul refrigerated goods, flatbeds, or tankers. Working with different trucking companies or as an independent contractor opens a variety of career path opportunities. If you’re considering becoming a professional truck driver, understanding these distinctions will help you choose the right path.
Basic Requirements to Start
To become a truck driver, you’ll need to meet several foundational requirements. First, you must be at least 21 years old to drive across state lines, though intrastate driving is permitted at 18 in some states. A high school diploma or GED is often required, although this can vary by employer. Most importantly, you need a valid driver’s license and a clean driving record. Passing a DOT physical exam is also mandatory, as is meeting vision and hearing standards. Some states require additional qualification measures like a drug test or background check. Without fulfilling these essential criteria, you cannot proceed to get your CDL or move forward in your truck driving journey.
5 Steps to Become a Truck Driver
1. Get a Driver’s License
Your journey to become a truck driver begins with obtaining a standard driver’s license. This license must be valid and free of major infractions. A clean driving record proves that you’re a responsible motorist and serves as a foundational qualification when applying to driving school or truck driving companies. This is also where your long-term habits begin—safe, aware, and defensive driving should become second nature from day one.
2. Choose a Driving School
Next, you’ll need to select a certified driving school. The quality of your driver training can significantly affect your chances of landing a good job. Look for programs that are approved by your state’s DMV and provide thorough instruction, from handling real freight to practicing for the skills test. The best schools often have partnerships with carriers or trucking companies, making it easier for graduates to get hired quickly.
3. Obtain a CDL
The Commercial Driver’s License, or CDL, is your golden ticket into the trucking industry. To get one, you must pass both a written exam and a hands-on road test that evaluates your ability to safely operate large vehicles. Depending on what type of freight or vehicle you plan to haul, you may need an endorsement, such as for tankers, doubles/triples, or hazardous materials. The CDL process includes a background check, proof of U.S. residency or citizenship, and proof of driver training. Your local DMV can provide the exact requirements.
4. Gain Experience
Once you have your CDL, the next step is gaining real-world experience. Many new drivers start in entry-level positions with large trucking companies that provide ongoing training and mentor support. During this time, you’ll learn how to manage your schedule, navigate unfamiliar routes, and handle live freight loads. Employers look for consistent performance, reliability, and the ability to work under pressure without incident or accident. This phase not only strengthens your skills test knowledge but builds your confidence behind the wheel.
5. Apply for Jobs
Once you’re licensed, it’s time to apply for jobs. Many companies offer entry-level positions that help new drivers gain experience on the road. Having a professional resume and a well-crafted truck driver cover letter can make a strong first impression and increase your chances of getting hired.
Career Options for Truck Drivers
Once you become a truck driver, you’ll find a wide range of career path options. Some drivers stick with long-haul work because of the higher pay and travel opportunities, while others prefer dedicated routes or local delivery for a steadier schedule. Specialized fields, like transporting hazardous freight or oversized loads, usually require more qualifications but come with better pay. There are also chances to move into logistics, dispatch, or training once you’ve built up years of safe experience. Many experienced truck drivers eventually go independent, leasing or owning their trucks and working on their own terms.